Turkish prosecutors have charged the highest-ranking serving officer yet, a four-star general, in a widening circle of arrests of officers in a nation that has hitherto regarded its military as almost untouchable.
The charges against Gen Saldiray Berk follow the detention of scores of officers last week over an alleged conspiracy to overthrow the government of the prime minister, Tayyip Erdogan, which has its roots in political Islam.
Last week’s detentions were related to an alleged plan for a military coup in 2003, but the case against Gen Berk is more recent. Charges laid late on Monday accused the commander of the 3rd Army of leading “an illegal group which was working to implement the anti-Islamist plan” in the eastern province of Erzincan.
Charges brought against Gen Berk and 15 others, including a state prosecutor, involved “Ergenekon”, a suspected ultra-nationalist network said to be plotting to sow chaos in order to justify a military takeover.
More than 200 people, including retired generals, lawyers and journalists, have been charged in connection with Ergenekon. Critics accuse the AK Party government of using the investigation to hound secularist opponents.
The plan in Erzincan is alleged to have involved fomenting nationalist opposition to the government and planting weapons in houses used by followers of influential Muslim preacher Fethullah Gulen to create a militant scare. Gulen has lived in the United States since 1999, but critics say his followers have infiltrated the police and courts, and control newspapers critical of the army.
The government’s face-off with the secularist establishment, whose strongholds are the military and judiciary, raised fears of instability and depressed the lira and stocks and bonds last week, but markets have rallied since.
Those charged in Erzincan included Ilhan Cihaner, a state prosecutor who had investigated Islamist groups. His detention last month sparked a row between the government and the judiciary, which called it illegal and replaced the four prosecutors who had ordered the move.
The government struck back by threatening a referendum to force through constitutional reforms of the judiciary unless parliament passes them first.
Mr Erdogan has said a reform package will be sent before parliament as soon as possible.