Weak economy to weigh on oil demand

Global oil demand will grow by less than 1 per cent in 2012, the International Energy Agency (IEA) said today, cutting its oil growth demand forecast for a sixth consecutive month due to a weak global economy.

The agency, which provides energy advice to the world's most industrialised nations, cut its global oil demand growth forecast for this year by 250,000 barrels per day (bpd) to 800,000 bpd.

"This month's report dwells on recent economic downgrades, and resultant weaker oil products demand growth for 2012," the IEA said. "This is providing a ceiling for otherwise stubbornly-high crude prices."

The IEA cited a cut by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in its economic projections with the global economy now expected to expand by 3.3 per cent in 2012, a "sharp deterioration" from its previously assumed 4 per cent growth.

The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Opec) also cut its world oil demand growth forecast on Thursday due to economic weakness, predicting a rise of 940,000 bpd in 2012, 120,000 bpd less than its forecast last month.

In contrast, the US Energy Information Administration raised its estimate of global demand growth in 2012 by 50,000 bpd to 1.32 million bpd in a report on Tuesday.

The IEA said oil demand in the most industrialised nations was expected to fall by 0.8 per cent, with gasoline accounting for more than 40 per cent of the decline.

The latest preliminary statistics for December point to a sharp fall in North American oil demand, down 4.1 per cent year-on-year, despite reports of economic resilience.

The IEA linked this to sharp declines for heating oil and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) thanks to an unseasonably mild winter in the United States.

In line with the weak economic outlook, European oil demand is likely to post the greatest relative decline in 2012, the IEA said, down by 0.3 million bpd from 2011.

"Much of Europe already saw declines in economic activity in 4Q11, and with further drops assumed for the 1Q12, this equates to the technical definition of recession," it said.

However, the non-OECD region will see demand growth of 1.2 million bpd or 2.8 per cent in 2012, helping offset the reduction in OECD consumption, the IEA said.

Despite the cuts in the oil demand forecasts, oil supplies from Opec rose in January to the highest since October 2008, at 30.9 million bpd. The IEA pointed to a steady ramp up in Libyan production and sustained output from Saudi Arabia and the UAE.

Global oil supply rose by 0.1 million bpd to 90.2 million bpd in January, with Opec supply 900,000 bpd above the group's 30 million bpd collective output target agreed in December.

But non-Opec supply fell by 0.2 million bpd to 53.2 million bpd, partly due to an escalation of the conflict in Syria and the dispute over transit revenues between Sudan and South Sudan.

The IEA said South Sudan's 260,000 bpd could remain absent from world markets for the near future but added that North American light tight oil production and growing production in Latin America should support a strong non-Opec supply rebound.

Reuters