US General David Petraeus, the new director of the Central Intelligence Agency, handed over command of US and Nato-led troops in Afghanistan today, a day after a gradual process of transferring security to Afghan forces began.
Gen Petraeus, credited with reversing a spiral towards civil war in Iraq, took over in Afghanistan on July 4th, 2010, and is moving to Washington to take over as CIA director as part of a wider shake-up of senior security officials.
During his year in Afghanistan, Gen Petraeus has overseen a "surge" of 30,000 extra US forces which helped stop the momentum of a growing Taliban-led insurgency, especially in the Taliban heartland in the south.
Violence across Afghanistan in 2010 hit its worst levels since the Taliban were ousted by US-led Afghan forces in 2001, with civilian and military casualties hitting record levels.
"We should be clear-eyed about the challenges that lie ahead," Gen Petraeus said at a ceremony to mark the change of command of the Nato-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) to US Marine Corps General John Allen.
Underlining those challenges, the force said three of its troops had been killed by a homemade bomb in Afghanistan's east, where some of the toughest fighting has taken place over the past year.
Yesterday, the force handed security control over to Afghan forces in central Bamiyan province, marking the start of a gradual transition process that will end with all foreign combat troops leaving Afghanistan by the end of 2014.
Bamiyan was the first of seven areas to be handed over during the first phase of transition. Another district in eastern Laghman province will be handed over to Afghan forces on Tuesday.
Lashkar Gah, the capital of volatile Helmand province and the most contentious of the first seven areas, will be handed over on Wednesday.
"Our military presence will diminish, as it should, after 2014 but our partnership will remain long after," Admiral Mike Mullen, the chairman of the US Military's Joint Chiefs of Staff, told the ceremony at ISAF headquarters in Kabul.
While foreign troops under Gen Petraeus' command made significant gains over the past year, the Taliban and other insurgents have still been able to launch attacks in major centres and the number of targeted killings of Afghan officials has grown significantly.
Late yesterday, gunmen killed Jan Mohammed Khan, an adviser to Afghan president Hamid Karzai, days after Mr Karzai's half-brother was assassinated in Kandahar province, the birthplace of the Taliban.
Those killings have sent chilling warnings to political leaders about the reach of the Taliban, who have shown an ability to adapt their tactics even as their strength has been diminished.
Gen Petraeus is expected to begin his new job at the CIA in September.
Reuters