NORWAY: Scientists have found a fossil of a "monster" fish-like reptile in a 150 million-year-old Jurassic graveyard on an Arctic island off Norway.
The Norwegian researchers discovered remains of 28 plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs - top marine predators when dinosaurs dominated on land - at a site on the island of Spitsbergen, about 1,300km from the North Pole.
"One of them was this gigantic monster, with vertebrae the size of dinner plates and teeth the size of cucumbers," Joern Hurum, an assistant professor at the University of Oslo, said yesterday.
"We believe the skeleton is intact and that it's about 10m long," he said of the pliosaur, a type of plesiosaur with a short neck and massive skull. The team dubbed the specimen "the Monster".
Such pliosaurs are known from remains in countries including Britain and Argentina but no complete skeleton has been found, he said. The skull of the pliosaur was among the biggest on record. Scientists would return next year to try to excavate the entire fossil, buried on a hillside, he said.
Plesiosaurs, which swam with two sets of flippers, often preyed on smaller dolphin-like ichthyosaurs. All went extinct when the dinosaurs vanished 65 million years ago.
The scientists rated the fossil graveyard one of the most important new sites for marine reptiles to have been discovered in the last several decades.
Mr Hurum reckoned the reptiles had not all died at the same time in some Jurassic-era cataclysm but had died over thousands of years in the same area, then become preserved in what was apparently a deep layer of black mud on the seabed.