Tens of millions of people along the US east coast girded themselves today for Hurricane Sandy, a gigantic storm forecast to assault the densely populated region with battering winds, dangerous flooding and even heavy snowfall.
Sandy, expected to come ashore late tomorrow, could deliver a harsh blow to major cities in its target zone including New York, Philadelphia, Washington, Baltimore and Boston. Its centre was forecast to strike New York-New Jersey area and then move inland toward Philadelphia and the rest of Pennsylvania.
The sheer size of the storm meant its effects would be felt from the mid-Atlantic states to New England. Officials warned of widespread power outages that could last for days.
In New York City, subway, bus and train service will be suspended this evening and up to 375,000 people were ordered to evacuate from low-lying areas.
US president Barack Obama, speaking after a briefing at the federal government's storm response center in Washington, called Sandy a "serious and big storm" and asked residents to heed the orders of state and local authorities to protect themselves from its onslaught.
"It's a very, very large system," National Hurricane Center director Rick Knabb said. "The storm is going to carve a pretty large swath of bad weather, both water and wind."
The storm could bring the country's financial nerve center to a standstill, although the major Wall Street exchanges said they planned to open as usual tomorrow because they have alternative facilities they can use.
Worried residents in the hurricane's path packed stores, searching for generators, flashlights, batteries, food and other supplies in anticipation of power outages. New York City schools will be shut on Monday.
Other local governments also announced school closures. Gale-force winds were already starting to buffet Virginia and could reach other parts of the mid-Atlantic coast on Sunday night.
Tens of millions of people will feel its bluster for as long as two days, Mr Knabb said. Forecasters said Sandy was a rare, hybrid "super storm" created by an Arctic jet stream wrapping itself around a tropical storm, possibly causing up to 30cm of rain in some areas, as well as up to 60cm of snowfall in the Appalachian Mountains from West Virginia to Kentucky.
It could be the largest storm to hit the United States, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) website. Sandy was already disrupting transportation systems.
More than 700 flights, including international ones, were canceled on Sunday and nearly 2,500 more were canceled for Monday, FlightAware.com said. New Jersey casinos were ordered to close and state officials decided to shut bus and rail systems by early tomorrow. Governors in other states put National Guard troops on alert.
"We're just asking people to be patient and be ready for a long haul. But we have a very aggressive power restoration program in place and I think we're ready," Virginia Governor Robert McDonnell told the CNN program State of the Union.
In Washington, Obama said officials had assured him that they had all the resources they needed in place, and he stressed that "it is important for us to respond big and to respond fast" to the hurricane's onslaught. "We're going to cut through red tape and we're not going to get bogged down in a lot of rules," said Mr Obama, who was having to juggle both is re-election bid and his efforts to stay on top of the storm's impact just nine days before Election Day.
Sandy blew the presidential race off course, forcing Obama and Republican challenger Mitt Romney to cancel scheduled campaign stops. It fueled fears that the storm could disrupt early voting ahead of the November 6th election.
US stock exchanges and Wall Street banks were sending employees into Manhattan today to stay in hotels and co-workers' homes, as markets prepared to open for business on Monday even as Sandy brought public transportation to a halt.
Insurers also prepared for the storm's arrival, activating claims teams, staging adjusters near the locations most likely to be affected and generally getting ready to pay for a potentially huge volume of losses. While Sandy's 75mph winds were not overwhelming for a hurricane, its exceptional width means the winds will last as long as two days, wearing down trees, roofs and buildings and piling up rainfall and storm surge. Hurricane-force winds extended 280km from the centre of the asymmetrical storm, while its lesser tropical storm-force winds spanned 1,368km in diameter.
"That's gigantic," said Chris Landsea, the hurricane center's science and operations officer. At high tide, it could bring a surge of seawater up to 3.4 metres) above ground level to Long Island Sound and New York Harbor, forecasters said. "Given the large wind field associated with Sandy, elevated water levels could span multiple tide cycles, resulting in repeated and extended periods of coastal and bayside flooding," the forecasters said.
Sandy was centred about 400km southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, or 930km south of New York City at midday today, the hurricane center said. It pushed seawater up over the barrier islands off North Carolina known as the Outer Banks.
"It's flooded all over the village," longtime Ocracoke Island resident Kathleen O'Neal said. "I would say between a foot and two feet of water." Sandy was moving over the Atlantic parallel to the US coast at 17kph, but was forecast to make a tight westward turn toward the US coast tonight.
Sandy killed at least 66 people as it made its way through the Caribbean islands, including 51 in Haiti, mostly from flash flooding and mudslides, according to authorities.