Sweden: US spending in Iraq and Afghanistan is expected to help push global military expenditure further up in 2006 after hitting €886 billion last year, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute said in its latest yearbook yesterday.
This figure amounts to more than five times Ireland's gross domestic product in 2005. The institute reports that the US was responsible for 48 per cent of total world arms spending in 2005 and had accounted for most of the year's 3.5 per cent overall increase.
Several states, including Saudi Arabia and Russia, have used a sharp rise in oil prices to boost military spending. The biggest increase worldwide was in the ex-Soviet state of Georgia, which surged by more than 140 per cent to €115 million.
The US, France and the UK were all involved in overseas operations while China was carrying out a modernisation of its People's Liberation Army. "In these circumstances, there is a strong likelihood that the current upward trend in world military spending will be sustained in 2006," the institute added. Britain, France, Japan and China accounted for 4 to 5 per cent each of world arms spending, which overall equalled 2.5 per cent of world gross domestic product, or €137 per capita. A process of concentration of spending continued in 2005, it added, as 15 countries with the highest spending accounted for 84 per cent of the world total.
Oil-rich Saudi Arabia boosted its military spending by €3.6 billion in 2005 to €20 billion. This increase meant that the Middle East as a whole showed a rise in defence outlays, which would otherwise have fallen, the institute said.
Arms spending in Iran also rose in 2005 by around 3.9 per cent to €5.5 billion.
The institute noted massive arms spending rises in the Caucasus, with Georgia leading the region with 143 per cent. Azerbaijan came next with 51 per cent and Armenia with almost 23 per cent.
Sipri said that the official explanation for Georgia's large rise in spending was a wish to join Nato, while others argued that Tbilisi wanted to regain control over the renegade regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. - (Reuters)