Sinn Féin is grappling with the difficulties of entering mainstream parliamentary politics and broadening its support base, without losing traditional followers. Issues of leadership, historical baggage, decision making processes and remuneration have all come under scrutiny as the party looks to the future and prepares for government on both sides of the Border. The party distinguishes itself from competitors on the grounds that it is committed to a United Ireland. Even there, however, change is evident. Unity now involves “an agreed Ireland shared with unionist neighbours” rather than a military-style solution.
Putting distance between the party and previous Provisional IRA activity, such as the treatment of sex abuse victims, has been constrained by crossover membership. Party president Gerry Adams remains the most obvious bridge. And while he is extremely popular with the membership, his Provisional IRA connections and loyalties remain an electoral liability. Attacked as being 'unfit for government' by Micheál Martin in the last election, following his backing for Thomas 'Slab' Murphy, support for Sinn Féin ebbed as its critics concentrated on legacy issues.
Following a disappointing election result, the party hopes to double its membership and increase female participation by 2020. Keeping its parliamentary party of 23 TDs and seven senators happy, however, while policy and political strategy is dictated by an ard comhairle will be difficult. Tensions have also arisen in relation to pay. A tradition whereby elected representatives receive an average industrial wage, with the surplus going to the party, is expected to be abandoned.
Becoming a 'normal' political party is hard. It will require greater transparency, an easing of rigid discipline and improved cooperation with like-minded parties. Getting into government could involve sharing power with Fianna Fáil or Fine Gael, or the creation of a broad, alternative alliance. The first option is problematic while Independent and left-wing groupings abstained or voted against Mr Adams when he was nominated as taoiseach. Time for him to move on?