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Sun, May 22, 2022

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Naval and ambulance corps cheer at an Anti-Home Rule demonstration at Portadown, County Armagh. Photograph: Getty 1912: Home rule and Ulster's resistance - an introduction

The drama of the Home Rule Bill was to be an extraordinary curtain raiser to a decade that changed the face of modern Ireland

'The Irish Times' and Home Rule 'The Irish Times' and Home Rule

For a newspaper which largely represented the views of Protestants in southern Ireland, the move to introduce Home Rule was 'a conspiracy to interrupt and destroy the peace and prosperity of Ireland'

Contrasting lives, new aspirations Contrasting lives, new aspirations

Social and economic conditions were improving for large sections of Irish society during the early years of the 20th century and the increasing prosperity fuelled a growing desire for political independence.

Starting out on the road to partition Starting out on the road to partition

The introduction by Prime Minister Herbert Asquith of a third effort to grant Home Rule led to a increasingly bitter debate in the House of Commons, with the Unionist politicians hell bent on scuppering the proposal.

A Liberal ladies' man of letters A Liberal ladies' man of letters

Herbert Asquith, British prime minister from 1908 until 1916, was at the height of his powers when he made a trip to Dublin in 1912 to counter the Conservative opposition's near-treasonous support for Ulster resistance

The day Ulster first said 'No' The day Ulster first said 'No'

In 1912, after it was announced that a Home Rule Bill would be introduced for Ireland, there was turmoil in the North. Unionists gathered in Belfast to protest, old hatreds, welled up and the idea of partition loomed

Carson, the uncrowned King of Ulster Carson, the uncrowned King of Ulster

The Unionist leader sought to maintain all of Ireland in the UK and saw the severing of the 26 counties in 1921 as British government betrayal

'Our time of threatened calamity ...' 'Our time of threatened calamity ...'

The Ulster Covenant: Nearly 500,000 men and women signed their respective pledges

Battle lines drawn as Tories join fray Battle lines drawn as Tories join fray

Ulster Unionists and British Conservatives were now inseparably bonded together in their opposition to Home Rule

James Craig - backbone of revolt, 'the soul of intransigence' James Craig - backbone of revolt, 'the soul of intransigence'

“He came to symbolise the very soul of Ulster intransigence” - FSL Lyons

Throwing a Punch in Ireland's direction Throwing a Punch in Ireland's direction

By 1914, the influential political magazine 'Punch' was running half of its cartoons on Irish political themes - but it had developed a grudging acceptance of the inevitability of Home Rule

A shifting political leadership A shifting political leadership

Ireland before the first World War was a stage set for revolution - nationalism's growing, evolving appeal complemented by the emergence of the labour and women's movements

Triumph soon turns to failure Triumph soon turns to failure

By delivering the promise of Home Rule, John Redmond achieved what O'Connell and Parnell had failed to do, but died early disappointed, on the wrong side of history

Journalist, founder of Sinn Féin Journalist, founder of Sinn Féin

Though his opinions were often controversial, Arthur Griffith, the founder of Sinn Féin who would head the Treaty negotiations in 1921, was a major figure in the fight for Irish independence

Constitutionalism - eclipsed and reborn Constitutionalism - eclipsed and reborn

After Independence, the moderate Home Rule party was effectively airbrushed out of official Irish history, but it left its mark on politics – North and South

The year of living anxiously The year of living anxiously

As James Joyce's writings reflect, 1912 was a time of unease, with Unionists flocking to sign their anti-Home Rule Covenant in blood and some republicans looking back to an ancient, common Celtic past for inspiration

Imagination is mother of the nation Imagination is mother of the nation

The distinctive Irish ideology of “nationalism” evolved as an expression of our desire and increasing capacity to rule ourselves, but, like elsewhere, wrapped in all the supposed trappings of nationhood

'Trust in the healing power of time and experience ...' 'Trust in the healing power of time and experience ...'

Debate on Establishment of an Irish Parliament - House of Commons, 13th June 1912 (Hansard)

1918: Empires fall, Nations rise
 
Home Rule and Ulster's resistance: Redmond's success and the reaction from Carson and the North
 
How Irish women won the vote: Our suffragettes, their ideas and their struggle
 
Stories from the Revolution: A taste of the stories our grandparents told
 
Locked Out: The labour movement, Larkin and the Great Dublin Lockout of 1913
 
Countdown to War: How the European powers stumbled into the 'war to end all war'
 
Too much to hope: Ireland's embroilment in the war...from Redmond's call to Flanders and Gallipoli
 
Never such innocence again: How the first World War transformed Irish and international literature
 
Dragon's Stirring: Six months before the Rising, preoccupied by the war few saw it coming
 
Signatories: The men who signed the proclamation
 
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