Satellites are made to order

The sky, as Ulysses remarks in Troilus and Cressida, has always been a very tidy place:

The sky, as Ulysses remarks in Troilus and Cressida, has always been a very tidy place:

The heavens themselves, the planets, and this centre,

Observe degree, priority, and place,

Insisture, course, proportion, season, form,

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Office, and custom, all in line of order.

Meteorologists have no wish to disturb this convenient celestial arrangement and have always, therefore, numbered their satellites in a neat ascending sequence.

The first Meteosat, for example, was Meteosat 1, and there followed Meteosats 2, 3, and 4 and so on, up to the most recent member of the family, Meteosat 7. Likewise, the Americans with their NOAA series have progressed as far NOAA-14.

But many years ago someone had a most disturbing thought: what would happen if a satellite failed to make it into orbit? If the rocket carrying NOAA-9, for instance, were to explode before it had discharged its payload?

There would be an embarrassing hiatus in the numbering sequence, an untidy gap between the satellites NOAA-8 and NOAA-10, and a total lack of order in the heavens.

To avoid this quite intolerable eventuality, meteorological satellites are often assigned a letter, rather than a number, until they have settled safely into orbit with their weathereye wide open. Thus NOAA-6 was known as NOAA-A until it was switched on in space in 1979; NOAA-I became NOAA-13, and NOAA-J, launched in December 1994, became the satellite we know and love as NOAA-14.

Now, if you have noticed these letters and their corresponding numbers do not quite add up, then you are right. That which had been feared duly happened in the case of NOAA-B; it was to have been NOAA-7 when it was launched in 1980, but it failed to reach its proper orbit and had to be abandoned. NOAA-C was hastily ejected into space a few months later to star, almost literally, in the still vacant role of NOAA-7.

All the other NOAA satellites, however, have taken up their scheduled appointments precisely as was planned, and this has happened again in the case of NOAA-K, launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California at 9 a.m. last Wednesday.

It is now in orbit 516 miles above the Earth, circling the planet in a polar orbit every 102 minutes. From there it will provide a continuous sequence of images of cloud, snow, ice, and vegetation, temperature and atmospheric moisture data, and information on pollution.

And once it has been confirmed that NOAA-K and all its instruments are working properly, it will be renamed NOAA-15 to preserve that highly desirable perfect order in the sky.