Rheumatoid arthritis can be brought on by injury to a joint, writes Marion Kerr
I've been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, affecting mainly my hands and feet. What's the difference between this form of arthritis and the type older people get?
Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune condition, can strike at any age, it most commonly first appears at ages 25-50. Estimated to affect up to two in every 100 people, it causes disability for about one in 10 sufferers. RA particularly affects the small joints found in the hands, wrists and feet, but can also affect larger joints such as the knee and shoulder.
Typically, sufferers experience stiffness in the morning and after periods of inactivity, with swelling and tenderness of the small joints. Fatigue and tiredness are also common features of the condition. Osteoarthritis is the "wear and tear" damage that joints experience as part of the ageing process. It tends to affect larger, weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. However, injury to a joint due to sports or accidental damage can bring the condition on earlier in life. Stiffness and pain tends to be worse in the mornings and can be aggravated by excessive or strenuous activities.
How best can I manage my condition?
Treatment for RA ranges from simple conservative measures to medication and, in some cases, surgery. Keeping fit and healthy are important issues when managing RA, but adequate rest should be balanced with an appropriate exercise routine.
Ask for a referral to a physiotherapist who will teach you exercises to do at home to prevent muscle weakness and maintain joint mobility. He or she will also advise on the correct use of heat and cold packs to help reduce inflammation and control pain.
You should also see an occupational therapist (OT) for an assessment of your current functional ability, and to get advice on a wide range of issues including joint protection techniques, energy conservation, splinting and fatigue/pain management. In order to maximise your level of independence, the OT may recommend appropriate aids or modifications to assist you in the areas of home, work or leisure activities. Contact Arthritis Ireland at www.arthritisireland.ie
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Rheumatoid arthritis particularly affects the small joints found in the hands, wrists and feet, but can also affect larger joints such as the knee, shoulder, ankle and neck. Typically sufferers experience stiffness in the morning and after periods of inactivity, with swelling and tenderness of the small joints.