Muammar Gadafy struck at rebel control of a key Libyan coastal road for a second day today but received a warning he would be held to account at The Hague for suspected crimes by his security forces.
Arab states weighed a plan to end the turmoil in the world's 12th largest oil exporting country, but a leader of the uprising against Col Gadafy's 41-year-old rule said he would reject any proposal for talks with Col Gadafy to end the conflict.
In Paris, French foreign minister Alain Juppe said France and Britain would support the idea of setting up a no-fly zone over Libya if Col Gadafy's forces continued to attack civilians.
The uprising, the bloodiest yet against long-serving rulers in the Middle East and North Africa, has torn through the Opec-member country and knocked out nearly half of its 1.6 million barrels per day output, the bedrock of Libya's economy.
In Libya's east, the site of a struggle for control of a strategically vital Mediterranean coastal road and oil industry facilities, witnesses said a warplane for a second day bombed the oil terminal town Brega, 800 km east of Tripoli.
But on the ground, events appeared to turn against Col Gadafy, as rebels spearheading the unprecedented popular revolt pushed their frontline against government loyalists west of Brega, where they had repulsed an attack a day earlier.
The opposition fighters said troops loyal to Col Gadafy had been driven back to Ras Lanuf, home to another major oil terminal and 600 km east of Tripoli. They also said they had captured a group of mercenaries.
In an angry scene at al-Uqayla, east of Ras Lanuf, a rebel shouted inches from the face of a captured young African and alleged mercenary: "You were carrying guns, yes or no? You were with Gadafy's brigades yes or no?"
The silent youth was shoved onto his knees into the dirt. A man held a pistol close to the boy's face before a reporter protested and told the man that the rebels were not judges.
In The Hague, International Criminal Court prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo said Col Gadafy and members of his inner circle, including some of his sons, could be investigated for alleged crimes committed since the uprising broke out in mid-February.
He said a request for arrest warrants over Libya could be made in a few months time. "We have identified some individuals in the de facto or former authority who have authority over the security forces who allegedly committed the crimes," Mr Moreno-Ocampo said. "They are Muammar Gadafy, his inner circle including some of his sons, who had this de facto authority. There are also some people with formal authority who should pay attention to crimes committed by their people."
Libyan government spokesman Musa Ibrahim told BBC Radio the news from The Hague was "close to a joke".
"No fact-finding mission has been sent to Libya. No diplomats, no ministers, no NGOs or organisations of any type were sent to Libya to check the facts ... No one can be sent to prison based on media reports," he said.
The rebels, armed with rocket launchers, anti-aircraft guns and tanks, called yesterday for UN-backed air strikes on foreign mercenaries who it said were fighting for Col Gadafy.
Opposition activists called for a no-fly zone, echoing a demand by Libya's deputy UN envoy, who now opposes his government.
Italy said it was preparing for a potential mass exodus of migrants escaping turmoil in North Africa after a rise in flows of illegal immigrants from Tunisia, the initial destination for tens of thousands who have fled violence in Libya.
Save The Children and Medecins Sans Frontieres said they were struggling to get medicines and care to Libya's needy, with gunmen blocking roads and civilians too scared to seek help.
As the struggle on the ground intensified, Arab League secretary-general Amr Moussa said a peace plan for Libya from Venezuela's president Hugo Chavez was under consideration. "We have been informed of president Chavez's plan but it is still under consideration," Mr Moussa said. "We consulted several leaders yesterday."
Mr Moussa said he had not agreed to the plan and did not know whether Col Gadafy had accepted it.
Oil fell on news of the plan. Brent crude fell more than $3 to $113.09 per barrel as investors eyed a possible deal brokered by Mr Chavez. It later edged up to $114.78.
Mr Chavez's plan would involve a commission from Latin America, Europe and the Middle East trying to reach a negotiated outcome between the Libyan leader and rebel forces.
Information minister Andres Izarra said Venezuela was carrying out an intense agenda of contacts to firm up the proposal, adding: "Those contacts continue today ... Venezuela's commitment is to peace."
Al Jazeera television said the chairman of the rebels' National Libyan Council, Mustafa Abdel Jalil, rejected any talks with Col Gadafy.
At a meeting with loyalists in Tripoli yesterday, Col Gadafy slammed "armed gangsters" he said were behind the unrest as part of a plot to colonise Libya and grab its oil, and said if foreigners intervened "another Vietnam will begin".
The Libyan government has tried to persuade people in Tripoli that life continues as normal, but the crisis was affecting everyday life. There were queues outside banks and residents said food prices had gone up, while the street value of the Libyan dinar had fallen dramatically against the dollar.
In the opposition stronghold of Benghazi, men of all ages gathered next to the courthouse engaged in fierce debates, enjoying their new-found freedom of speech.
The upheaval is causing a humanitarian crisis, especially on the Tunisian border where tens of thousands of foreign workers have fled to safety. But an organised international airlift started to relieve the high pressure human flood from Libya as word spread to refugees that planes were taking them home.
After three days of chaos and a moment of panic when troops fired into the air to control crowds, a sense of order and calm was established at the Ras Jdir border crossing.
On the border, visiting European Union humanitarian crisis chief Kristalina Georgieva became the most senior international official to come to the crisis zone.
"The European Union is doing everything we can to pressure Gadafy to let people go and to stop torturing his people," said Ms Georgieva, the Commissioner for International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response.
Reuters