Ancient Egypt: Everything you ought to know but have forgotten.
From 5,000 BC on: Egypt is ruled by the Pharoahs.
332 BC: Alexander the Great arrives and imposes Greek rule. Greek becomes the official language and remains so for almost 1,000 years.
300-30BC: Egypt is ruled by the Ptolemies. Cleopatra is the last of the line.
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30BC-642 AD: Egypt is part of the Roman Empire.