Bracing for street protests around the Lisbon parliament that will greet a tax-grabbing 2013 budget, Portugal's prime minister vowed today to stay the course of austerity despite political damage it is doing to his party.
After his Socialist opponents swept a regional election at the weekend, conservative Pedro Passos Coelho said he would not flinch from a strategy that is hailed as exemplary by EU leaders who bailed Portugal out last year but has strained the patience of voters who took to the streets in frustration last month.
"Despite the bad moments the party is going through in national terms, regional elections will certainly not compromise the national strategy," Passos Coelho said after his Social Democrats trailed badly in Sunday's voting in the Azores.
The budget to be delivered in parliament by finance minister Vitor Gaspar will include the harshest measures yet since Portugal sought a €78 billion EU/IMF bailout. Mr Gaspar will brief the media afterwards.
A large protest is expected outside parliament around that time as many Portuguese demonstrate that their stoic acceptance of austerity, once much admired abroad, has turned to anger.
With the country suffering its worst recession since the 1970s, the 2013 budget is set to introduce sharp income tax hikes, which could amount to up to two or three months' wages for middle-income workers, to ensure the country meets its budget goals under the bailout.
Gaspar has described the tax increases as "enormous".
Some economists say that the measures, which will also include pension cuts, a financial transaction tax and higher property taxes, could push Portugal into a recessive spiral like Greece, further undermining Europe's German-inspired austerity drive for the euro's highly indebted countries.
"I feel like a guinea pig in an economics experiment," said Joao Duque, a professor who heads the School of Economics and Management at Lisbon's Technical University. "The measures will accentuate the crisis we already face, that is evident."
The government has argued that following EU fiscal discipline will better serve the long-term interests of Portugal as it faces some of its most testing days since it emerged from decades of right-wing dictatorship 38 years ago.
The budget comes after the government announced last month a rise in social security contributions, which it subsequently dropped after mass protests erupted. Opposition to the alternative tax measures is set to be equally strong.
Even the conservative president, Anibal Cavaco Silva, criticised the budget measures. "In the current circumstances, it is not correct to demand of a country being subjected to a budget adjustment process that it meets the targets at any cost," he wrote on his Facebook page.
Before September, Portugal had shown a relatively high level of political consensus and support for cutting costs and for the bailout it sought in 2011. But that support has been eroded, with the Socialists now pledging to vote against the budget when it is put to parliament at the end of the month.
Protests have now become frequent, though still peaceful. A general strike is planned for November 14th.
Passos Coelho's Social Democrats hold a comfortable majority in parliament together with their rightist ally the CDS. But the CDS has a long history of opposing higher taxes and analysts say the party's complete support of the government can no longer be taken for granted, especially if the economy weakens further.
In recent national opinion polls, the ruling party has dropped to record lows since the last election in June 2011.
The government spent the weekend and this morning locked in an internal debate on the possibility of finding more areas for spending cuts in order to ease the tax hikes.
Diario Economico business newspaper said today the budget would include measures to help the economy like a recapitalisation fund for small and medium-sized companies. These would also be allowed to defer value-added tax payments until after they had booked receipts from customers - measure that should boost cash flow and ease their debts.
The economy is expected to contract by at least 3 per cent this year and the government expects a contraction of 1 per cent in 2013. Many economists say the 2013 shrinkage will be greater. Unemployment is already at record highs above 15 per cent and the government expects it to rise to 16.4 per cent next year.
The 2013 draft budget may include new economic forecasts for next year. This year's budget performance was undermined by tax revenues falling short of expectations as the recession deepened and unemployment rose beyond government forecasts.
Reuters
