Does Dublin need a Metro rail service?

 
The proposed Metro line to Dublin airport is just another example of bad - and very costly - planning, writes FRANK MCDONALD

FRANCIS RAMBERT, director of the Institut Français d'Architecture, got it right recently when he diagnosed Dublin as being "sick with urban and suburban sprawl". We all know this is true; indeed, the Los Angeles-isation of the city has created a commuter belt extending outwards for 100km, with the M50 as its congested distributor road.

The plan to build a metro conjures up images of Paris and other major cities with underground rail networks. But Dublin isn't Paris. The French capital has a population density of 20,000 people per square kilometre, compared to Dublin's 1,500 per square kilometre. This raises the issue of horses for courses, and shows we're not at the races.

Metro North, a 17km line between Swords and St Stephen's Green, will do nothing to serve Dublin's sprawling suburbs, with the single exception of Swords. All it will do is to add yet another disparate element to the city's public transport services, which comprise buses, Dart, suburban rail and Luas.

This fragmented way of getting around doesn't qualify as a public transport "system". It is difficult to transfer between modes, there is still no integrated ticketing and the bus service, in particular, is unreliable due to American-style traffic congestion. No wonder most Dublin commuters choose to travel to and from work by car.

Nobody could deny that the two Luas lines have been a great success, even though they still don't connect. According to the 2006 Census, Luas resulted in a 66 per cent increase in the number of rail commuters in the Dublin area, compared to 2002.

That's a vote of confidence in high-quality, surface-running public transport. But now the Railway Procurement Agency (RPA), which brought us Luas, wants to go underground for Metro North. One of the main selling points is that this line would serve Dublin airport, where passenger numbers have exploded. But even with a rail link to the city centre, how many airport users would avail of it?

The rather surprising evidence from other European cities, even where airports are served by mainline rail, is that less than 30 per cent would take the train. In any case, if Dublin airport is the priority, it could be served much more economically by a spur off the Dart at Malahide, or by diverting the Dublin-Belfast main line.

Metro North would be extremely expensive. Although the RPA and the Department of Transport have refused to release even ballpark figures, The Irish Times established that the cost was estimated at €4.58 billion in 2004. Allowing for construction inflation since then and design changes that add to the cost, it's probably close to €6 billion now.

At least 100km of surface-running light rail lines could be built for the same price, and probably a lot more. This would turn Luas into a network serving many more places than Metro North. Even augmented by Metro West, the cost of which has not been disclosed either, Dublin would only be getting a total of 42km of metro under current plans.

The economic analysis of Metro North as a stand-alone project is not impressive. Even with "value engineering", such as no-frills stations, the benefit-to-cost ratio is nearly three times lower than the equivalent calculation by the RPA of a city centre link between the Tallaght and Sandyford Luas lines, running down Dawson Street.

Yet this vital link, dropped by the Government in 1998 due to sheer political cowardice, has been long-fingered again as the RPA concentrates on the metro project. Sure, it would cause disruption - but nothing quite as devastating as digging up a quarter of St Stephen's Green to carve out Martin Cullen's "Grand Central" station.

In economic and even transportation terms, Metro North would only stack up if it was extended southwards to Sandyford, Cherrywood and Bray - in effect, supplanting the existing Luas line. This would involve yet more expensive tunnelling between the Green and Ranelagh.

The major transport project in Dublin that does make sense is CIÉ's proposed rail interconnector, or "Dart underground", between Heuston Station and Spencer Dock, running via the Liberties, St Stephen's Green and Pearse Station, Westland Row. This would knit together all of the suburban rail services, transforming them into a real network. Inter-agency rivalry between the RPA and CIÉ, with each jockeying for position (and public funds), should not be allowed to get in the way of an objective assessment of the priorities for investment - especially in these financially-straitened times. Otherwise, the danger is that Metro North will consume most or all of the resources available.

The Government (including its Green Party Ministers) needs to pause and reflect on the priorities before the RPA enters into a contract with one or other of the four consortiums bidding to construct, operate and maintain Metro North. And that could happen as early as August.

Frank McDonald is environment editor of The Irish Times and author of several books on Dublin

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